Hachiman Gudokun

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. Legends about Fudo お不動さま - 不動明王 .
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Hachiman gudōkun 八幡愚童訓
Hachiman Gudokun (written around 1300)
Tales of the God of War Told to the Simple

"Hachiman Gudokun" is a history of temples and shrines that narrates the miracle and divine virtue of Hachimanshin (Shinto god of War) which is considered to have been compiled in the middle or late Kamakura period.


source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/nonki_harumi...





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- quote -
The Mongols brought an advanced technology weapon that terrified the Samurai. It was an early form of "shock and awe". In addition to their clouds of arrows fired continuously, the Mongols also brought explosive Chinese bombs. These bombs were flung from Trebuchets.

An account from Hachiman Gudokun reads,
"The commanding general kept his position on high ground, and directed the various detachments as need be with signals from hand drums. But whenever the Mongol soldiers took flight they sent iron bomb shells flying against us which made our side dizzy and confused. Our soldiers were frightened out of their wits by the thundering explosions, their eyes blinded, their ears deafened, so that they could hardly distinguish east from west."
These "mighty iron balls" were flung and "rolled down the hills like cartwheels", they sounded like "thunder" and when they exploded "looked like bolts of lightning".
The Mongol shock tactics definitely worked in the opening engagement between the two armies.
- source : greendragonsociety.com/warriors... -


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- quote Simpson, Emily Blythe -
Sovereign, Shaman and Bodhisattva :
A Medieval Reinterpretation of Empress Jingū in the Hachiman gudōkun
Empress Jingu (traditionally 169-269 CE) is a legendary figure, appearing in myths of the gods in the earliest chronicles of Japan, the Kojiki (712) and the Nihon shoki (720). According to these accounts, she was a shaman as well as empress and the vessel through which the gods made known their will to the emperor. At Emperor Chuai's death, she took up the divine mission bequeathed to her husband and organized an invasion of the Korean peninsula, calling on the gods whenever her goal was frustrated. She returned triumphant to Japan, bore a son, and ensured his succession to the throne through her own period of rulership. Though the paucity of historical evidence has led to various theories regarding the story's factual basis, its importance as a legend is evident from its appearance and reinvention through over a thousand years of Japanese history.

This thesis charts what may perhaps be considered the first phase of that reinvention. In the later classical and medieval periods of Japan, Jingu's son, Emperor Ojin, was identified with Hachiman, a local god of increasingly central importance and an emblem of syncretic religious traditions within Japan. With the growing importance of Buddhism, both Hachiman and his mother were reimagined with Buddhists elements in their histories. Focusing on the Hachiman gudokun, a shrine-temple origins account written in the first decades of the fourteenth century, this thesis charts the developments of the Jingu narrative in various documents of the medieval period.
Highlighting three key roles of Jingu's character --ruler, shaman, and Buddhist-- I show how the Hachiman gudokun presented a version of Empress Jingu's story revitalized by contemporary developments in Buddhist and political thought, paving the way for the powerful martial image of Jingu that emerged during the Meiji Period.
- source : Emily Blythe Simpson -


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Das Hachiman-gudōkun (I) als historische Quelle, insbesondere zu den Invasionen der Mongolen in Japan
Wolfgang Bockhold
- source : google books -


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- quote -
「愚童訓」とは八幡神の神徳を「童蒙にも理解出来るように説いた」の意味である。諸本に書かれた書名によって
『八幡大菩薩愚童訓』及び
『八幡愚童記』などともいい、江戸時代初期に作成されたものの表題に附された訓に基づいて「はちまんぐどうきん」とも呼ばれる。
----- 甲種本
--- 上下二巻。
甲種本は、史上の異敵とその降伏（こうぶく）に関する事蹟が述べられ、上巻においては神功皇后のいわゆる「三韓征伐」、皇后の皇子であり八幡大菩薩とされる応神天皇の事蹟、文永の役における蒙古軍の襲来、対馬・壱岐への侵攻、九州上陸と九州御家人勢との戦闘の状況、箱崎八幡宮（筥崎八幡宮）の焼亡などが記される。
--- 下巻は弘安の役における思円上人・叡尊の修法、蒙古退却の奇瑞などを記述する。
甲種本の特徴としては、文永の役におけるモンゴル・高麗連合軍である蒙古軍の対馬・壱岐侵攻に関する史料となっている点である。また、箱崎八幡による奇瑞や神威の顕現によって度々蒙古軍が撃退されたことが述べられている。さらに、叡尊の祈祷による霊験の成果が強調されており、本書の成立に社寺の祈祷に対する朝廷からの恩賞問題が関わっていた可能性が指摘されている。（群書類従 第一輯 神祇部 巻十三　収録）
----- 乙種本
上下二巻。
乙種本は、八幡大菩薩の霊験・神徳について14章にわたって述べ、阿弥陀信仰との習合を説いた教義書的性格を持つ。
序にはじまり、
垂迹、名号、遷坐、御躰、本地、王位、氏人、慈悲、放生会、受戒、正直、不浄、仏法、後世の十四章からなり、各項目にわたり広大無辺なる八幡大菩薩の神徳霊験が述べられている。（続群書類従 第二輯 神祇部 巻三十） ...
- reference source : wikipedia -


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